Abbreviations

​​Intra-arterial Injection (Intra-arterially)​
intra-arterial
Intramuscular Injection (Intramuscularly)IM
Intravenous Injection (Intravenously)IV
Subcutaneous Injection (Subcutaneously)subcutaneous
Keep Vein Open (To Keep Vein Open)KVO/TKVO
Intrathecal Injection (Intrathecally)IT

Commonly used Intravenous Solutions

dextrose 5% in water​
D5W
dextrose 5%-lactated ringers(none)
dextrose 5%-sodium chloride 0.9%
(none)
dextrose 5%-sodium chloride 0.45%
(none)
dextrose 5%-sodium chloride 0.2%
(none)
dextrose 10% in water
dextrose 10%
dextrose 20% in waterdextrose 20%
dextrose 50% in waterdextrose 50%
dextrose 3.3%-sodium chloride 0.3%(none)
lactated ringers
(none)
ringers
(none)
sodium chloride 0.9% (Normal Saline)
sterile water for injection
NS
SWFI

Last Revised: February 11, 2026